Who is at risk for Testicular Cancer?
The short answer is any male with testicle(s). Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in males ages 15-34, although many cases fall outside these parameters. There is one male diagnosed every hour with testicular cancer. Before reading further, make sure you can answer the foundational question “What is testicular cancer?”
Key Testicular Cancer Risk Factors
Several testicular cancer risk factors have been identified, which can help determine who may be at a higher risk for developing this disease. Below are some of the risk factors associated with the disease:
1. Undescended Testicle
Having an undescended testicle. This is a condition in which one or both testicles fail to move from the abdomen, where they develop before birth, into the scrotum. Undescended testicles may increase the risk for development of testicular cancer. Also called cryptorchidism.
2. Family History
Having a family history of testicular cancer (especially in a father or brother) increases the risk of developing a testicular tumor. Don’t worry, only a small number of testicular cancers occur in families. Most men with testicular cancer do not have a family history of the disease.
3. Age and Race
Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in males ages 15-34. The risk for testicular cancer is about 4-5 times great in white males compared to black men and that of Asian –American men. The reason is unknown, but the risk of developing the disease is also highest among men living in the United States and Europe.
4. Previous Testicular Cancer
Having a personal history of testicular cancer causes a higher risk of developing this common cancer again. About 3-4% of men who have been cured of cancer in one testicle will eventually develop cancer in the other testicle. Regular follow-ups and monitoring are essential for individuals with a history of testicular cancer.
5. Germ Cell Tumor
Almost all cases of testicular cancer start in the germ cells of the testicles. Men with a history of germ cell tumors or conditions such as germ cell neoplasia are at increased risk for developing testicular cancer.
6. Risk Factor Myths (unproven/controversial risk factors):
There are numerous myths and controversial activities that people believe contribute to the disease, including horseback riding, a prior injury or trauma to the testicles, cycling, and strenuous activity.
Source: http://cancer.gov
How to Manage and Monitor Risk
While some testicular cancer risk factors are beyond control, there are steps that individuals can take to monitor their health:
- Regular Self-Exams: Performing a monthly testicular cancer self-exam can help detect any changes or abnormalities early. This simple procedure involves checking for testicular lumps or swelling in the testicles.
- Medical Check-Ups: Regular visits to a healthcare provider for check-ups can help monitor testicular cancer risk and address any concerns promptly.
- Cancer Screening: For those at higher risk, such as those with a family history or previous testicular cancer, regular testicular cancer screening can be beneficial in detecting the disease early.
Conclusion
Identifying and understanding testicular cancer risk factors is key to early detection and effective treatment. Men who are aware of these factors and proactive in their health monitoring are better positioned to manage their risk and address any potential issues promptly. If you have concerns about your testicular cancer risk, consult a healthcare professional for personalized advice, and find support at the Testicular Cancer Foundation.
